UNIVERSITY OF YORK
Social Policy
Research Unit
TEENAGE CONCEPTIONS AND
DEPRIVATION
31 March 2017
Background
Between 2000 and 2015 the rate of conceptions per 1000 women
under 18 has fallen by 52% in England and Wales. Most of the reduction has
occurred since 2007 and the trend is still on a steep downward trajectory (see
Figure 1).
Figure 1: Conceptions
per 1000 women under 18. England and Wales
The Office for National Statistics has a Conceptions-Deprivation
Analysis Toolkit which is designed to enable the analysis of teenage
conceptions by the deprivation of the area.
At the moment this is only available for the period 2009-11. In this
note we have analysed the conception data up 2015 and related it to the latest Index
of Deprivation (ID) for 2015 at upper tier
local authority level.
Findings
It is already well known[1],[2]
that there is a strong association between the rate of teenage conceptions and
the level of deprivation of an area. Figures 2 and 3 show the conception rate
in 2000 and 2015 compared with the ID rank. The association between teenage
conceptions and deprivation has weakened slightly as the conception rate has
fallen. This is because there has been a slight tendency for the more deprived
LAs to have had larger reductions in their conceptions rates (see Figure 4).
Figure 2: LA under 18
conception 2000 rate by ID rank
Figure 3: LA under 18
conception 2015 rate by ID ranks
Figure 3: % change in
LA under 18 conception rates 2000-2015 by ID ranks
There are some quite deprived LAs among the 20 LAs with the
largest reduction in their conception rates 2000-2015, including Hackney (see
Table 1). Generally London Boroughs have had the largest reductions in teenage
conceptions.
Table 1: The 20 LAs
with the largest % reduction in teenage conceptions 2000-2015 by their ID rank
|
Deprivation rank
|
Local authority
|
Teenage conception rate 2000
|
Teenage conception rate 2015
|
% reduction in teenage conceptions 2000-2015
|
|
36
|
Westminster
|
57.2
|
12.0
|
79.0
|
|
145
|
Bracknell Forest
|
35.2
|
7.4
|
79.0
|
|
69
|
Kensington and Chelsea
|
49.7
|
10.6
|
78.7
|
|
94
|
Wandsworth
|
68.5
|
18.6
|
72.8
|
|
51
|
Camden
|
48.3
|
13.5
|
72.0
|
|
19
|
Haringey
|
74.1
|
21.0
|
71.7
|
|
2
|
Hackney
|
79.5
|
22.7
|
71.4
|
|
57
|
City of London
|
79.5
|
22.7
|
71.4
|
|
152
|
Wokingham
|
27.5
|
8.1
|
70.5
|
|
21
|
Southwark
|
83.0
|
24.7
|
70.2
|
|
118
|
Merton
|
46.3
|
14.1
|
69.5
|
|
53
|
Hammersmith and Fulham
|
59.8
|
18.4
|
69.2
|
|
33
|
Brent
|
53.7
|
17.5
|
67.4
|
|
54
|
Bristol, City of
|
53.0
|
17.3
|
67.4
|
|
20
|
Lambeth
|
87.5
|
28.7
|
67.2
|
|
151
|
Windsor and Maidenhead
|
27.0
|
9.1
|
66.3
|
|
13
|
Islington
|
62.4
|
21.4
|
65.7
|
|
63
|
Ealing
|
40.3
|
14.0
|
65.3
|
|
24
|
Lewisham
|
67.3
|
23.4
|
65.2
|
|
15
|
Waltham Forest
|
57.2
|
20.4
|
64.3
|
Over the period since 2000 some large deprived LAs have
achieved very large reductions in teenage conceptions (Table 2). Manchester,
the most deprived local authority, has achieved a reduction of 56.3% (295
teenage births) and Birmingham has 55.1% (588) fewer teenage births.
Table 2: Most
deprived 20 LAs in ID 2015 by % reduction in the rate of teenage conceptions
|
Deprivation rank
|
Local Authority
|
Teenage conception rate 2000
|
Teenage conception rate 2015
|
% reduction in teenage conceptions 2000-2015
|
|
1
|
Manchester
|
65.9
|
28.8
|
56.3
|
|
2
|
Hackney
|
79.5
|
22.7
|
71.4
|
|
3
|
Barking and Dagenham
|
67.5
|
31.0
|
54.1
|
|
4
|
Blackpool
|
69.9
|
43.8
|
37.3
|
|
5
|
Knowsley
|
48.6
|
31.8
|
34.6
|
|
6
|
Tower Hamlets
|
48.5
|
21.2
|
56.3
|
|
7
|
Liverpool
|
50.3
|
32.1
|
36.2
|
|
8
|
Newham
|
55.9
|
21.9
|
60.8
|
|
9
|
Kingston upon Hull, City of
|
73.2
|
38.4
|
47.5
|
|
10
|
Nottingham
|
72.9
|
31.2
|
57.2
|
|
11
|
Birmingham
|
56.6
|
25.4
|
55.1
|
|
12
|
Sandwell
|
62.7
|
31.6
|
49.6
|
|
13
|
Islington
|
62.4
|
21.4
|
65.7
|
|
14
|
Leicester
|
58.3
|
26.2
|
55.1
|
|
15
|
Waltham Forest
|
57.2
|
20.4
|
64.3
|
|
16
|
Middlesbrough
|
53.1
|
33.7
|
36.5
|
|
17
|
Stoke-on-Trent
|
60.5
|
26.9
|
55.5
|
|
18
|
Wolverhampton
|
63.3
|
31.9
|
49.6
|
|
19
|
Haringey
|
74.1
|
21.0
|
71.7
|
|
20
|
Lambeth
|
87.5
|
28.7
|
67.2
|
But there are also some very deprived local authorities that
have achieved some of the lowest reductions in teenage pregnancy including
Knowsley, Halton and Sunderland (see Table 3).
Table 3: The 20 LAs
with the smallest % reduction in the rate of teenage conceptions by deprivation
rank
|
Deprivation rank
|
LA
|
Teenage conception rate 2000
|
Teenage conception rate 2015
|
% reduction in teenage conceptions
2000-2015
|
|
88
|
Cumbria
|
27.0
|
20.8
|
23.0
|
|
133
|
Cambridge
|
21.8
|
16.5
|
24.4
|
|
84
|
Stockton-on-Tees
|
38.5
|
28.9
|
24.9
|
|
85
|
Norfolk
|
28.5
|
21.3
|
25.1
|
|
116
|
Stafford
|
30.3
|
22.3
|
26.5
|
|
125
|
North Yorks
|
19.8
|
14.1
|
28.9
|
|
105
|
Devon
|
26.0
|
18.4
|
29.2
|
|
141
|
Hampshire
|
23.3
|
16.5
|
29.2
|
|
137
|
Hertford
|
21.6
|
15.3
|
29.3
|
|
87
|
Lancashire
|
35.6
|
25.1
|
29.5
|
|
124
|
Gloucester
|
21.6
|
15.2
|
29.6
|
|
112
|
Essex
|
28.4
|
19.6
|
30.9
|
|
30
|
Halton
|
53.3
|
36.6
|
31.3
|
|
123
|
Dorset
|
22.6
|
15.3
|
32.2
|
|
32
|
Sunderland
|
51.0
|
34.6
|
32.2
|
|
104
|
Kent
|
31.0
|
20.6
|
33.6
|
|
130
|
West Sus
|
24.6
|
16.2
|
34.1
|
|
117
|
Poole
|
31.4
|
20.6
|
34.4
|
|
5
|
Knowsley
|
48.6
|
31.8
|
34.6
|
|
81
|
Medway
|
43.0
|
28.1
|
34.7
|
Finally Table 4 lists the 20 LAs still with the highest
teenage conception rates in 2015. Blackpool has reduced its teenage conception
rate by less than average and now has the highest rate. Hull has reduced its
conception rate by more than average but still has the second highest rate of
all English LAs.
Table 4: The 20 LAs with the highest rate of teenage conceptions in
2015
|
Deprivation rank
|
LA
|
Teenage conception rate 2000
|
Teenage conception rate 2015
|
% reduction in teenage conceptions
2000-2015
|
|
4
|
Blackpool
|
69.9
|
43.8
|
37.3
|
|
9
|
Kingston upon Hull, City of
|
73.2
|
38.4
|
47.5
|
|
49
|
North East Lincolnshire
|
63.6
|
37.6
|
40.9
|
|
30
|
Halton
|
53.3
|
36.6
|
31.3
|
|
28
|
Hartlepool
|
57.4
|
35.8
|
37.6
|
|
32
|
Sunderland
|
51.0
|
34.6
|
32.2
|
|
31
|
Barnsley
|
52.1
|
33.7
|
35.3
|
|
16
|
Middlesbrough
|
53.1
|
33.7
|
36.5
|
|
55
|
Redcar and Cleveland
|
57.0
|
33.7
|
40.9
|
|
7
|
Liverpool
|
50.3
|
32.1
|
36.2
|
|
25
|
Salford
|
53.5
|
32.0
|
40.2
|
|
18
|
Wolverhampton
|
63.3
|
31.9
|
49.6
|
|
5
|
Knowsley
|
48.6
|
31.8
|
34.6
|
|
38
|
Doncaster
|
69.3
|
31.8
|
54.1
|
|
12
|
Sandwell
|
62.7
|
31.6
|
49.6
|
|
35
|
Walsall
|
61.5
|
31.5
|
48.8
|
|
10
|
Nottingham
|
72.9
|
31.2
|
57.2
|
|
3
|
Barking and Dagenham
|
67.5
|
31.0
|
54.1
|
|
46
|
Coventry
|
64.9
|
29.9
|
53.9
|
|
41
|
St. Helens
|
50.7
|
29.6
|
41.6
|
The background data for this analysis including the results
for other LAs can be obtained by emailing jonathan.bradshaw@york.ac.uk.
[2]
Wellings, C. et al (2016) Changes in
conceptions in women younger than 18 years and the circumstances of young
mothers in England in 2000-2012: an observational study, Lancet 388, 586-595
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